Kmsell



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IMPROVEMENT IN WOOD-TURNING LATHBS.

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TO ALL WHOM T MAY CONCERNE I Bc it known that I, E. K. WISELL, ofWarren, in the county of Trumbull, and Statepf Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Turning IrregularForms; and I do hereby declare @hat the following is a full and completedescription of the construction and operation of the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making o. part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1,l Plate I, is a side view of themachine.

Figure 2 is a view of the top.

Figure 3 is a. view of the front end.

Figure 4 is a view of the rear end:

Figure 1, Plate II, a. transverse section.

Figure 2 is a detached section.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the views.

This invention relates to an improvement on a former machine, for whichLetters Patent weregranted to me, March 3, 1863, and for a full andcomplete understanding of this improvement, its application andimportance, a description of the machine will be made, and which is asfollows, viz:

A4, iig. 1, is the frame of the machine, in whichris mounted thecutter-head B, iig. 2, on the shaft G, iig. 2, jonrnalled in the boxesD, and'whieh is 4driven by a belt, E, passing from the large wheel Rig.3, on the shaft G, iig. 1, to a pulley on the shaft C referred'to. Onthe top of the frame A, immediatelyA over the cutter-head, is :t slidingframe or carriage, H, fig. This carriage, is hinged to the frame A, bymeans of the adjustingstays I, fig. 1, secured to the ends of thecarriage by a screw,^J, by means of which, and the slot, through whichthe screw passes, the carriage may he adjusted for a purpose presentlyshown. The lower ends of the stays r referred to are fitted to the rodK, and on which they slide, said rod being attached tothe side oftheframe hy adjusting-brackets, L, fig. 2, and thus connecting the carriageto the frame, als above said. In'this carriage are arranged the centresM M', for holding thework while being turned, and of which M are thefoot or deadccntresfand M' the head centres or drivers.

It will he observed that there are lthree centres .at cach end, and thatthe head contres are operated hy an arrangement of gearing, as follows:The middle centre passes through the end of the carriage, and upon theprojecting end is keyed a. feed-wheel, 0,rig. 3, between which and theframe is keyeda cogwheel, P, iigQ. 0n the opposite diameters of thiswheel are engaged the wheels Q R, shown also in fig. 3. The wheel Qcommunicat'es motion to o. small wheel, S, which-in turn operates thewheel T, on the end of the centre M', causing it to revolve in the samedirection as the middle centre. The wheel R being on the same shaft withthe cog-wheel U, and which wheel U engages inthe wheel V, on the vend ofthe side centre M', causes it to turn in the same direction as theothers. Thus the three centres, by the peculiar arrangement of thecog-wheels, have one common direction, and simultaneous in theirrevolution, and which is made to revolve by the feed-wheel referred to,and pawl W,.g. 3. This pawl is -pivoted to the minor arm of theright-angled lever X, fig. 8, pivotedl to the carriage, at the point X'.The major arm of said lever reaches out over the side of the freine A,upon the top of which 'frame issecured a. pair of inclined planes orcams, Y Z, iigs. 1 and I3, which operate the free end of the lever andpawl, as will hereafter be shown.

The carriage is made to traverse backward and forward on the frame bymeans of the following device, viz In the small supplementary framef,tig. 4, is hung a cog-wheel, B', tig. 1, on the shaft C', to the end. ofwhich is keyed an arm, D'.- Depending from the under side ofthe carriageis an arm, E', which is connected to the artn i D' oy the link F'. Now,it will he evident that, by this arrangement, as the arm D' is made torevolve, the

carriage will be carried backward and forward by the link, and thedistance traversed will he greater or less, aecordingto the adjustmentof the link, being made near to or dist-ant from the end of the arm-D',a series of holes being made in' the arm for that purpose.

As above said, the cutter-head is driven hy the belt E and pulley F.This pulley, in turn, is driven by the cone-pulley G' and belt H',which, in its turn, is driven by the cone-pulley l' and belt J', thecone I' being geared to the wheel B' by a. pinion, K', fig. 4r, which isthrown into and out of gear with -thc wheel by the lever L'. The end ofthe shaft, on which the pinion K' is keyed, is iitted in a slot, L",solas to allow of its being lifted up, and thus disengaged from thewheel, by thc lever referred to, and to which it is connected hy thelink N. The pinion, when engaged with the wheel, is kept thus by thelever or slide N', iig. 2, which is slid into a notch cut in the lowercud of ,the standard O', tig. d, but which, on being slipped from thenotch, the pinion is Y disengaged by the weight P', attached to thelower -end of the standard, which draws down the major arm of the leverL', and, as a consequence, raises tho short arm, to which the pinion orthe shaft of the pinion is connected, by the liul; N, and thusdiscngagosit, as hei'oro said.

Having thus described the construction and arrangement of the machine,the practical operation ofthe same is as'follows: The bolts or timber,cut of a proper length and size for a spoke, axe-helve, &c., is put intothe machine on the centres, asindicated by the dotted lines in fig. 2,which, in this instance, is supposed to be a spoke, the iron patternQ'of which is hung iu the same way 'at one side of the carriage, andwhich is operated by the wheelpR', conjointly with the three woodenspokes, and after which they are patt'rned.v It will be remarked thatthe position-of the three spokes is such as to place them in a relativecircle with the cutter-head, z'. e., the cutter-head, and the are of acircle, described by the three spokes around the head, have a commoncentre, as seen in iig. 1, Plate II; Ahence the three spokesare eq-uallydistant from the axis of the cutter-head,

and, as a consequence, will be turned the same size, whichis done bythe'. cutter S cuttingr across'the grain of the wood. The spoke, at thesame time, is'fed to thecutter lengthwise, by the carriage being movedreciprocally, by the link F', as above described. .When the tenen-end'of the spoke has arrived to the cutter, .the lever X is raised by thecam Y, which causeslthe pawl W,'and the supplementary pawl W', to hitchalong the feedwheel O, giving thereby a slight turn tothe spokes,bringing the yet uncut wood to the head. The carriage i now moves backin the opposite direction, and, when the felloe-euds of the spokes cometo thecutters,the lever is again raised bythe cam Z, whichi givesanother turn to the'feed-wheel and spokes, which again returns,bringingthe teuon-end once more to the cutters, and so on, each time theends of the spokes reach the cutterhead they are turned enough for acut, and fed up reciprocally, as before'observed, until the spokes havemade one complete revolution, thus nishing the work of turning, which,it will be seen, is done in longitudinal sections.

In a former machine, the spokes thus turned were of unequal size, owingto the carriage' being hinged or pvoted to the frame A, at the points b,iig. 2. Thus, when the pattern Q lies flat on the friction-roller T',the spokes were equally distant from the cutter-head, but,'on turningthe pattern, so as-to bring it edgewise ou the roller, the carriagewould be raised up more or less, and would thus* carry the spoke-orcentre M', the one most distant frothc point I, farther from the cuttersthan it would the middle spoke, and the middle spoke farther than thethlrd one; hence the three spokes would be turned of unequal size.

In order to remedy this defect, and cause the spokes to bc turned of anequal size, the carriage in this Amachine is hinged to the rod K, at ones ide, andbelow the top ofthe frame-A, by the adjusting-stays I, abovedescribed. New, 4as the carriage may be raised up .by `the irregularpattern, the spoke M' 'will be raised also. At the same time will beraised the lmiddle spoke and last M". New, as the carriage is hingedbelow its horizontal`centre, it will be obvious that, on its beingraised by the irregular pattern, the carriage will, at the time ofraising, be thrown slightly back, and thus bring the spoke Mj a' littlenearer to the cutters,'and, at the same time, the spoke M" will becarried the'same distance from the cutters that the spoke M' was movedtowards it,

' and'thus the several spokes will retain their same relative distarvpeto the axis of the cutter-head, and, thereforewill be turned all of anequal size.

In order to-turn dli'erent-sized spokes or other work in this machine,it is done by bringing the centres,

closer to, or moving them away from, the cutter-head, more or less,according to the size of the spokes required, and which is edected byraising or lowering thecarriage, by means ofthe adjusting-stays I, or bythe adjustingbrackets y, the rod K, at the saule time, raising ordepressing the roller, so as to correspond with the adjustment of thestays, thus elevating or depressing the carriage, thereby bringing theseveral centres closer to, or moving them away from, the cutter-head,according to the size of' the spokes or work required. Should greaterdifference in the size ofthe work be required, a largerk or a smallpattern must be used, instead of changing the position of the rol-ler. l

In making these changes inthedistance of the centres from the cutter,for the purpose above said, it will sometimes be found necessaryto'change thedistance of the middle centre more or less, independent ofthe change made in tho side centres, as the position of this centre isless affected by the adjusting of the carriage than are the 4two sidecentres. In order to do this, thc centre is secured in af'slotted Slide,R", fig. 1, Plate II, by which it can be raised or depressed, as thenature of the circumstances may rende-rit necessary to adjust vit.

With the elevation and depression of the head centres, a correspondingchange must be made in the foot or dead-centres. To elect this change,the centres, which, it will be obvious, hold the same relative distanceto the axis ofthe cutter-head as do the head centre, are made to passthroughs. collar or yoke, a, iig. 2, Plate II. This collar is providedwith a screw, projecting from two of its opposite sides, which are madeto pass through above and below, when lplaced in the foot-block S",slots or'elongatcd holes being prepared in the block for its reception.i i

By this arrangement, it will be evident that, in order to raise thecentres, it can be easily done, and, to the least degree, by looseningthe nuts b' below the block, and screwing up those above; and so, on thecontrary, to depress the centres, the upper nuts are loosened, and thebottom onesv tightened, and, when thus properly adjusted to the work,they are securely held by a yoke'and thumb-nut, a, arranged in theordinary way, common to wood or other lathes.

What I claim as my improvement, and desire-to secure by Letters Patent,ish- The reciprocating and vibrating frame H, pivoted to the adjustablerod K, and carrying the adjustable live and dead-centres M M', arrangedconcentrically with the axis of the revolving cutter-head B, andoperating I ,substantially as and for the purpose described.

E. K. WISELL.

Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGE, J. Homes.

